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A/C System Recharge from complete discharge

34K views 9 replies 6 participants last post by  rewagneriii  
#1 ·
When I changed my head gaskets in car, I managed to break the seal on the two lines connected to my A/C compressor. It took about 3 days to discharge. This turned out to be a blessing in disguise.
1. I've never charged an ac system from complete discharge
2. never changed seals in ac system.
3. I did not have one of these vacuum pump tools.


I learned a few hints someone may find useful one day. Shadetree method.
1. when changing A/C o'rings, mineral oil is the cheapest and easiest to find lubricant to use on the seals. Always lube your o'rings or they will roll and leak.
2. Change one seal at a time, (if possible), to avoid contaminants in the a/c system.
3. Clean the heck out of the fitting BEFORE removing the bolt/keeper. Also clean the area above the seal so you don't brush trash into the system. DO NOT use compressed air, you could force trash or water into a leaking seal.
4. check your hole before inserting the new o'ring, if you see any foreign objects in there, dab them out using a clean lint-free rag.
5. careful not to get your O-rings dirty, if you do, clean them with mineral oil and a lint-free rag.


I was lucky enough to have a set of gauges and my neighbor loaned me his sweet, antique, brick of a vacuum pump. I ran the vacuum on the High Side and the Low Side at the same time. I let the pump run for an hour and a half. This will help pull out any moisture, the negative pressure will vaporize the moisture and draw it into the pump. The longer the system stays discharged the more chance it has to build up moisture. I was told nitrogen is used to flush out the system if you feel you need it. I'm cheap and it was only dead for two to three very hot days, so I didn't need it, I think. I'm new here too.


After the 1.5 hours, I closed the valves on the gauges and let it sit for 3 hours. The system held perfectly steady the whole time. You can let it hold vacuum for a little as 15-30 mins to check for leaks. Once again, I'm cheap and did not want to buy another charge of Freon, so I wanted to make sure.


Don't remove either of the vacuum guage lines from your a/c system. Because the connector is a one way valve, with a vacuum on it, the valve will not close and suck dirty fart air into the system.


I then hooked up a can of Freon to my gauges and attempted to fill it. This did not work because my gauges are garbage. After wasting the can of Freon and freezing off my favorite finger. I got out the two cans of Freon I picked up which contain oil/stop leak/ and their own re-charge lines. I pulled the low pressure side fitting off then quickly attached the can and started charging it up. Not really another choice ATM


WEAR SOME DECENT LEATHER GLOVES - these fill your own kits always leak Freon and you have to hold your finger on it for it to spray out. At least I have never used one that didn't leak.


Recharge with the car running and refer to the chart below to figure out how much you should charge your A/C system. Note the pressure changes with the outside temperature.


After re-charging my system did not seem to work that great. I pulled the glove box out and found that I do not have a cabin air filter where one should be and dirt caked all over my coil. I got a can of Foaming A/C Coil cleaner, you have to get the kind that is safe to use indoors. I got the one orange scented one. Also, while your at it, cover the condenser at the front of the car.

My air compressor would also not work unless the engine was revved up. I removed one of the smallest shims. My clutch contained two very skinny shims and one regular washer sized one.
(All Years) How to: Adjust A/C Compressor Clutch - Subaru Forester Owners Forum

Now haul ass to work, because you lost track of time and are almost late. Then put a write up on the Subaru forum site in your down time.
 

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#2 ·
Good advice. No matter what, you ALWAYS pull a vacuum before adding coolant back into the system when it's been let get to a very low amount. And NEVER over charge the system! Over charging is death to an AC system.
 
#3 ·
Nice write up. Only thing I'd add is I prefer to charge to spec'd weight, not pressure.
 
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#4 ·
In order to charge by weight, you need a mass flow meter to measure the mass of R134A that you put in. What would be the best DIY mass flow meter that you recommend for the purpose?

The above approach works only if you are charging from a completely empty system. If you are just adding more R134A if the pressure on high side is too low then, I think that we still need to go by pressure as it is difficult to determine the weight of refrigerant already in the system.
 
#5 ·
He was charging from completely empty and a vacuum pulled. . .which is the proper state to be in when charging.

No need to get fancy. All you need to charge by weight is a scale. I bought this one before I bought a full blown recovery machine.

The short answer is if your refrigerant charge is low, you're leaking. If you're leaking, you should find and fix the leak. To do so requires opening up the system, which means taking out the refrigerant charge (or just venting it to the atmosphere if you're environmentally unfriendly).

So done properly you will be charging an empty system.

Yes I know plenty of us just "top off" the system every year if it's a slow leak. . and for that, yes, you can charge to the "rule of thumb" pressure. My thought on that is it's like rebuilding a skyscraper that lost a few stories without an original blueprint or inspecting the foundation to see what loads it'll support. Larger stationary HVAC systems (commerical/residential) are charged to pressure AND condensor/evap temps IF the total mass of refrigerant is not known, but it is still preferred to charge to weight if starting from empty.
 
#7 ·
How do you judge the weight? By using the meter mentioned above or by looking at the label on the side of the can?


If it's by the can label then I found a flaw in your plan. Every single can I've ever gotten with it's own hose and adapter has always leaked refrigerant while filling. So out of a 10oz can, how much did I loose vs how much actually made it in there?


Now if you have a good vacuum gauge setup with good seals. (Which seem to never exist in my world) You wouldn't loose any.


Oh, about the vacuum gauges. If your do decide to buy a nice set, before you put them up to store until the next use, I would suggest adding some mineral oil to all the rubber seals, including the ones that will stay attached, because air will still possibly get to them. It'll keep your gauge leak free for a longer period of time.


And store them somewhere where they will stay clean and dry, (mold) contaminates are hard on an A/C system.


Same goes for a seal which suddenly started leaking no matter how snug the fitting it. You may be able to get it to seal it by putting some mineral oil on the rubber seal. This is really just a temporary fix.

I got mine out of the garage, and the seal which seals to the refrigerant can was leaking so bad I had to waste the whole can, throwing it on the ground because it was blowing coolant all over me.
 
#10 ·
It taps the top, it worked perfect when Dad bought them 9 years ago. It's a 90 degree angle fitting, one end screws to the hose, and the other end screws to the top of the can. Then, on the angle, it has a pointy valve that screws into the can, then you screw the valve out and it sprays your nuts.

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